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Terminology

Here is a list of a few terms associated with compression testing of materials:

  • σ=Eδ
  • Stress - σ, The amount of force applied to the load divided by the cross sectional area, in units of Pa
  • Modulus of Elasticity- E, A material property that is used to relate stress to strain, in units of Pa
  • Strain- δ, The change in position over the initial height of the sample (commonly calculated in %)
  • Toughness - The ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing. Computed as the integral under the stress strain curve.

Tests

We are using three separate tests (and a combination of all three) in order to simulate the compressive forces that a knee implant will experience. The general schemes of these tests are seen below:

  • Creep - This test steadily increases the strain on the sample until the desired stress, or load, is reached. This load is then maintained over a certain amount of time, and the change of strain (Δ δ) is monitored.
    • This entails dynamic programming for the load cell in the CNC machine. Basic commands include the change in position over time. However, to maintain a certain load, the program must use the real-time data to compute the position change needed to provide a constant load on the sample.
  • SRL - This test changes the position of the load cell in order to reach a desired strain on the sample. The load cell reports the force required to create that strain, and monitors the change in that stress as time progresses. A simulation of the SRL test may be found here.
    • Basic commands will tell the CNC machine what position change to make.
  • Dynamic - This test oscillates the load cell at a given frequency and monitors the load on the sample. This simulates the constant wear and tear on a sample such as a knee replacement.

Below may be viewed the set up created for the SRL test simulation given in the video above:

* This is the spindle for the Roland MDX - 540 CNC Machine we are using. Attached below it is the load cell attachment, which is connected to the Data Acquisition Board.

* Here is the output value from the load cell.

* Shown here is the proprietary software for the Roland MDX - 540.

* The set up without the 'control tower' box may be seen here.

 
classes/principlesofdesign/cncmechanicaltester/test_and_terms.1300757934.txt.gz · Last modified: 2011/03/21 21:38 by nmuir
 
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